ATTACK OF THE ...ISMS!!!

This week, we have already talked about some of the "isms" that arose during the Industrial Revolution:

• Capitalism (specifically Industrial Capitalism):  (p. 620) An economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing.
• Socialism: (p. 621) A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.
• Communism:  In its purist form, communism takes socialism to an extreme with the general population controlling the means to production, and there would be no monetary system, no social classes, and there would be pure social order.  (This is also sometimes referred to as Marxism, named after the co-author of the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx.)

This is not the end of the "isms", however.  During the Industrial Revolution, we had several other "isms" either get their start or really take a strong foothold. 

• Conservatism  (p. 624):  Conservatism is a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to politcal authority and organized religion.
• Liberalism (p. 626):  Liberalism is a political movement that is often considered to be the counter to Conservatism.  Liberalism is based largely on Enlightenment principles, stating that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties--the basic rights of all people--should be protected.
• Romanticism  (p. 638):  An intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment; it stressed feelings, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing.

• Feminism (p. 662):  Feminism is the movement for women's rights.
• Modernism  (P. 674):  Modernism is a cultural movement in which artists, poets, writers, etc., between 1874 and 1914 rebelled against the traditional literary and artistic styles that had dominated European cultural life since the Renaissance.

• Realism  (p. 643):  A cultural movement that was the opposite of Romanticism.  Realism sought to represent lower- and middle-class life as it "actually was".

• Social Darwinism (p. 678):  The theory used by Western nations in the late nineteenth century to justify their dominance; based on Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection...otherwise known as "survival of the fittest"...and was applied to modern human society.  (This is going to be a key point in World War I and especially in World War II...)
   

MAKE SURE YOU HAVE YOUR STUDY GUIDES!!!  TEST ON FRIDAY...STUDY GUIDES DUE BEFORE THE TEST!!!!